Recommended Cutting Speeds in SFPM

Recommended Cutting Speeds in Feet per Minute for Turning, Milling, Drilling, and Reaming Plain Carbon and Alloy Steels

Material
AISI and SAE Steels

Hardness
HB^a

Material
Condition

Cutting Speed, sfpm HSS

Turning

Milling

Drilling

Reaming

Free Machining Plain Carbon Steels (Resulferized)

1212, 1213, 1215

100-150

150-200

HR, A

150

160

140

130

120

125

1108, 1109, 1115, 1117, 1118, 11220,
1126, 1211

100-150

150-200

HR, A

130

120

130

115

110

120

1132, 1137, 1139, 1140, 1144, 1146,
1151

175-225

275-325

325-375

375-425

HR, A, N, CD

Q and T

120

115

100

Free Machining Plain Carbon Steels (Leaded)

11L17, 11L18, 12L13, 12L14

100-150

150-200

200-250

HR, A, N, CD

N, CD

140

145

110

140

130

110

130

120

Plain Carbon Steels

1006, 1008, 1009, 1010, 1012, 1015,
1016, 1017, 1018, 1019, 1020, 1021,
1022, 1023, 1024, 1025, 1026, 1513,
1514

100-125

125-175

175-225

225-275

HR, A, N, CD

HR, N, CD

120

110

100

1027, 1030, 1033, 1035, 1036, 1037,
1038, 1039, 1040, 1041, 1042, 1043,
1045, 1046, 1048, 1049, 1050, 1052,
1152, 1524, 1526, 1527, 1541

125-175

175-225

225-275

275-325

325-375

375-425

HR, A, N, CD

N, CD, Q and T

Q and T

100

1055, 1060, 1064, 1065, 1070, 1074,
1078, 1080, 1084, 1086, 1090, 1095,
1548, 1551, 1552, 1561, 1566

125-175

175-225

225-275

275-325

325-375

375-425

HR, A, N, CD

N, CD, Q and T

Q and T

100

Free Machining Alloy Steels (Resulferized)

4140, 4150

175-200

200-250

250-300

300-375

375-425

HR, A, N, CD

HR, N, CD

Q and T

110

100

Free Machining Alloy Steels (Leaded)

41L30, 41L40, 41L47, 41L50
43L47, 51L32, 52L100, 86L20,
86L40

150-200

200-250

250-300

300-375

375-425

HR, A, N, CD

HR, N, CD

Q and T

120

100

115

100

Alloy Steels

4012, 4023, 4024, 4028, 4118, 4320,
4419, 4422, 4427, 4615, 4620, 4621,
4626, 4718, 4720, 4815, 4817, 4820,
5015, 5117, 5120, 6118, 8115, 8615,
8617, 8620, 8622, 8625, 8627, 8720,
8822, 94B17

125-175

175-225

225-275

275-325

325-375

375-425

HR, A, N, CD

CD, N, Q and T

Q and T

100

1330, 1335, 1340, 1345, 4032, 4037,
4042, 4047, 4130, 4135, 4137, 4140,
4142, 4145, 4147, 4150, 4161, 4337,
4340, 50B44, 50B46, 50B50,
50B60, 5130, 5132, 5140, 5145,
5147, 5150, 5160, 51B60, 6150,
81B45, 8630, 8635, 8637, 8640,
8642, 8645, 8650, 8655, 8660,
8740, 9254, 9255, 9260, 9262, 94B30

175-225

225-275

275-325

325-375

375-425

HR, A, N, CD

N, CD, Q and T

N, Q and T

Q and T

E51100, E52100

175-225

225-275

275-325

325-375

375-425

HR, A, CD

N, CD, Q and T

N, Q and T

Q and T

Ultra High Strength Steels (Not AISI)

AMS 6421 (98B37 Mod.), AMS 6422
(98BV40), AMS 6424, AMS 6427,
AMS 6428, AMS 6430, AMS 6432,
AMS 6433, AMS 6434, AMS 6436,
AMS 6442, 300M, D6ac

220-300

300-350

350-400

43-48 HRC

48-52 HRC

Q and T

Maraging Steels (Not AISI)

18% Ni Grade 200,
18% Ni Grade 250,
18% Ni Grade 300,
18% Ni Grade 350

250-325

50-52 HRC

Maraged

Nitriding Steels (Not AISI)

Nitralloy 125, Nitralloy 135,
Nitralloy 135 Mod., Nitralloy 225,
Nitralloy 230, Nitralloy N,
Nitralloy EZ, Nitrex I

200-250

300-350

N, Q and T

^a Abbreviations designate: HR, hot rolled; CD, cold drawn; A, annealed; N, normalized; Q and T, quenched and tempered; and HB Brinell hardness number.

Speeds for turning based on a feed rate of 0.012 inch per revolution and a depth of cut of 0.125 inch.

Recommended Cutting Speeds in Feet per Minute for Turning, Milling, Drilling, and Reaming Ferrous Cast Metals

Material	Hardness HB^a	Material Condition	Cutting Speed, sfpm HSS
Material	Hardness HB^a	Material Condition	Turning	Milling	Drilling	Reaming
Gray Cast Iron
ASTM Class 20 ASTM Class 25 ASTM Class 30, 35 and 40 ASTM Class 45 and 50 ASTM Class 55 and 60 ASTM Type 1, 1b, 5 (Ni Resist) ASTM Type 2, 3, 6 (Ni Resist) ASTM Type 2b, 4 (Ni Resist)	120-150 160-200 190-220 220-260 250-320 100-215 120-175 150-250	A AC AC AC AS, HT AC AC AC	120 90 80 60 35 70 65 50	100 80 70 50 30 50 40 30	100 90 80 60 30 50 40 30	65 60 55 40 20 30 25 20
Malleable Iron
(Ferritic), 32510, 35018	110-160	MHT	130	110	110	75
(Pearlitic), 40010, 43010, 45006, 45008, 48005, 50005	160-200 200-240	MHT MHT	95 75	80 65	80 70	55 45
(Martensitic), 53004, 60003, 60004 (Martensitic), 70002, 70003 (Martensitic), 80002 (Martensitic), 90001	200-255 220-260 240-280 250-320	MHT MHT MHT MHT	70 60 50 30	55 50 45 25	55 50 45 25	35 30 30 15
Nodular (Ductile) Iron
(Ferritic), 60-40-18, 65-45-12	140-190	A	100	75	100	65
(Ferritic-Pearlitic), 80-55-06	190-225 225-260	AC AC	80 65	60 50	70 50	45 30
(Pearlitic-Martensitic), 100-70-03	240-300	HT	45	40	40	25
(Martensitic), 120-90-02	270-330 330-400	HT HT	30 15	25 -	25 10	15 5
Cast Steels
(Low Carbon), 1010, 1020	100-150	AC, A, N	110	100	100	65
(Medium Carbon), 1030, 1040, 1050	125-175 175-225 225-300	AC, A, N AC, A, N AC, HT	100 90 70	95 80 60	90 70 55	60 45 35
(Low Carbon Alloy), 1320, 2315, 2320, 4110, 4120, 4320, 8020, 8620	150-200 200-250 250-300	AC, A, N AC, A, N AC, HT	90 80 60	85 75 50	75 65 50	50 40 30
(Medium Carbon Alloy), 1330, 1340, 2325, 2330, 4125, 4130, 4140, 4330, 4340, 8030, 80B30, 8040, 8430, 8440, 8630, 8640, 9525, 9530, 9535	175-225 225-250 250-300 300-350 350-400	AC, A, N AC, A, N AC, HT AC, HT HT	80 70 55 45 30	70 65 50 30 -	70 60 45 30 20	45 35 30 20 10

^a Abbreviations designate: A, annealed; AC, as cast; N, normalized; HT, heat treated; MHT, malleabilizing heat treatment; and HB Brinell hardness number.

Speeds for turning based on a feed rate of 0.012 inch per revolution and a depth of cut of 0.125 inch.

Recommended Cutting Speeds in Feet per Minute for Turning, Milling, Drilling, and Reaming Stainless Steels

Material	Hardness HB^a	Material Condition	Cutting Speed, sfpm HSS
Material	Hardness HB^a	Material Condition	Turning	Milling	Drilling	Reaming
Free Machining Stainless Steels (Ferritic)
430F, 430F Se	135-185	A	110	95	90	60
(Austenitic), 203EZ, 303, 303Se, 303MA, 303Pb, 303Cu, 303 Plus X	135-185 225-275	A CD	100 80	90 75	85 70	55 45
(Martensitic), 416, 416Se, 416Plus X, 420F, 420FSe 440F, 440FSe	135-185 185-240 275-325 375-425	A A, CD Q and T Q and T	110 100 60 30	95 80 50 20	90 70 40 20	60 45 25 10
Stainless Steels
(Ferritic), 405, 409, 429, 430, 434, 436, 442, 446, 502	135-185	A	90	75	65	45
(Austenitic), 201, 202, 301 302, 304, 304L, 305, 308, 321 347, 348	135-185 225-275	A CD	75 65	60 50	55 50	35 30
(Austenitic), 302B, 309, 309S 310, 310S, 314, 316, 316L, 317, 330	135-185	A	70	50	50	30
(Martensitic), 403, 410, 420, 501	135-175 175-225 275-325 375-425	A A Q and T Q and T	95 85 55 35	75 65 40 25	75 65 40 25	50 45 25 15
(Martensitic), 414, 431, Greek Ascoloy	225-275 275-325 375-425	A Q and T Q and T	60 50 30	55 45 25	50 40 25	30 25 15
(Precipitation Hardening), 15- 5PH, 17-4PH, 17-7PH, AF-71, 17-14CuMo, AFC-77, AM-350, AM-355, AM-362, Custom 455, HMN, PH13-8, PH14-8Mo, PH15-7Mo, Stainless W	150-200 275-325 325-375 375-450	A H H H	60 50 40 25	60 50 40 25	50 45 35 20	30 25 20 10

^a Abbreviations designate: A, annealed; CD, cold drawn; N, normalized; H, percipitation hardened; Q and T, quenched and tempered; and HB Brinell hardness number.

Speeds for turning based on a feed rate of 0.012 inch per revolution and a depth of cut of 0.125 inch.

Recommended Cutting Speeds in Feet per Minute for Turning, Milling, Drilling, and Reaming Tools Steels

Material Tool Steels (AISI Types)	Hardness HB^a	Material Condition	Cutting Speed, sfpm HSS
Material Tool Steels (AISI Types)	Hardness HB^a	Material Condition	Turning	Milling	Drilling	Reaming
Water Hardening W1, W2, W5 Shock Resisting S1, S2, S5, S6, S7 Cold Work, Oil Hardening O1, O2, O6, O7 Cold Work, High Carbon High Chromium D2, D3, D4, D5, D7 Cold Work, Air Hardening A2, A3, A8, A9, A10 A4, A6 A7	150-200 175-225 175-225 200-250 200-250 200-250 225-275	A A A A A A A	100 70 70 45 70 55 45	85 55 50 40 50 45 40	85 50 45 30 50 45 30	55 35 30 20 35 30 20
Hot Work, Chromium Type H10, H11, H12, H13, H14, H19	150-200 200-250 325-375 48-50 HRC 50-52 HRC 52-54 HRC 54-56 HRC	A A Q and T Q and T Q and T Q and T Q and T	80 65 50 20 10 - -	60 50 30 - - - -	60 50 30 - - - -	40 30 20 - - - -
Hot Work, Tungsten Type H21, H22, H23, H24, H25, H26	150-200 200-250	A A	60 50	55 45	55 40	35 25
Hot Work, Molybdenum Type H41, H42, H43	135-185 225-275	A A	55 45	55 45	45 35	30 20
Special Purpose, Low Alloy L2, L3, L6 Mold P2, P3, P4, P5, P6 P20, P21 High Speed Steel M1, M2, M6, M10, T1, T2, T6 M3-1, M4, M7, M30, M33, M34, M36, M41, M42, M43, M44, M46, M47, T5, T8 T15, M3-2	150-200 100-150 150-200 200-250 225-275 225-275	A A A A A A	75 90 80 65 55 45	65 75 60 50 40 30	60 75 60 45 35 25	40 50 40 30 20 15

^a Abbreviations designate: A, annealed; Q and T, quenched and tempered; and HB Brinell hardness number and HRC, Rockwell C scale hardness number.

Speeds for turning based on a feed rate of 0.012 inch per revolution and a depth of cut of 0.125 inch.

Recommended Cutting Speeds in Feet per Minute for Turning, Milling, Drilling, and Reaming Light Metals

Material Light Metals	Material Condition	Cutting Speed, sfpm HSS
Material Light Metals	Material Condition	Turning	Milling	Drilling	Reaming
All Wrought Aluminum Alloys	CD ST and A	600 500	600 500	400 350	400 350
All Aluminum Sand and Permanent Mold Casting Alloys	AC ST and A	750 600	750 600	500 350	500 350
All Aluminum Die Casting Alloys	AC ST and A	125 100	125 100	300 70	300 70
except Alloys 390.0 and 392.0	AC ST and A	80 60	80 60	125 45	100 40
All Wrought Magnesium Alloys	A, CD, ST and A	800	800	500	500
All Cast Magnesium Alloys	A, AC, ST and A	800	800	450	450

^a Abbreviations designate: A, annealed; AC, as cast; CD, cold drawn; ST and A, solution treated as aged.

Recommended Cutting Speeds in Feet per Minute for Turning and Drilling Titanium and Titanium Alloys

Material Titanium and Titanium Alloys	Material Condition^a	Hardness HB^a	Cutting Speed, sfpm HSS
Commercially Pure
99.5 Ti 99.1 Ti, 99.2 Ti 99.0	A A A	110-150 180-240 250-275	110 90 70
Low Alloyed
99.5 Ti - 0.15 Pd 99.2 Ti - 0.15 Pd, 98.9 Ti - 0.8 Ni - 0.3 Mo	A A	110-150 180-250	100 85
Alpha Alloys and Alpha-Beta Alloys
5A1-2.5 Sn, 8Mn, 2A1-11Sn-5Zr-1Mo, 4A1-3Mo-1V, 5A1-6Sn-2Zr-1Mo, 6A1-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo, 6A1-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo, 6A1-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo-0.25Si,	A A A A ST and A ST and A ST and A	300-350 310-350 320-370 320-380 320-380 375-420 375-440	50 40 30 20 40 20 20
Beta Alloys
13V-11Cr-3A1, 8Mo-8V-2Fe-3A1, 3A1-8V-6Cr-4Mo-4Zr, 11.5Mo-6Zr-4.5Sn	A, ST ST and A	275-350 350-440	25 20

^a Abbreviations designate: A, annealed; ST, solution treated; ST and A, solution treated as aged; and HB Brinell hardness number.

Recommended Cutting Speeds in Feet per Minute for Turning, Milling and Drilling* Superalloys

Material
Superalloys

Cutting Speed, sfpm
HSS

Material
Superalloys

Cutting Speed, sfpm
HSS

Roughing

Finishing

Roughing

Finishing

A-286

AF₂1DA

Air Resist 213

Air Resist 13 and 215

Astroloy

B-1900

CW-12M

Discalloy

FSH-H14

GMR-235 and 235D

Hastelloy B, C, G and X (wrought)

Hastelloy B and C (cast)

Haynes 25 and 188

Haynes 36 and 151

HS 6, 21, 2, 31(X40), 36 and 151

IN 100 and 738

Incoloy 800, 801 and 802

Incoloy 804 and 825

Incoloy 901

Inconel 625, 702, 706, 718 (wrought),
721, 722, X750, 751, 901, 600, 604

Inconel 700 and 702

Inconel 713C and 718 (cast)

J1300

J1570

M252 (wrought)

M252 (cast)

30-35

8-10

15-20

10-12

5-10

8-10

8-12

15-35

10-12

8-10

15-20

8-12

15-20

10-12

8-10

30-35

15-20

10-20

15-20

10-12

8-10

15-25

15-20

8-10

35-40

10-15

20-25

10-15

5-15

8-10

10-15

35-40

10-15

8-10

20-25

10-15

20-25

10-15

8-10

35-40

20-25

20-35

20-25

12-15

8-10

20-30

20-25

8-10

Mar-M200, M246, M421, M434

Mar-M905 and M918

Mar-M302, M322, and M509

N-12M

N-155

Nasa C-W-Re

Nimonic 75 and 80

Nimonic 90 and 95

Refractaloy 26

Rene 41

Rene 80 and 95

S-590

S-816

T-D Nickel

Udimet 500, 700, and 710

Udimet 630

Unitemp 1753

V-36

V-57

W-545

WI-52

Waspaloy

X-45

16-25-6

19-9DL

8-10

15-20

10-12

8-12

15-20

10-12

15-20

10-12

15-20

10-15

8-10

10-20

10-15

70-80

10-15

10-20

8-10

10-15

30-35

25-35

10-12

10-30

10-12

30-35

25-35

10-12

20-25

10-15

15-25

10-15

20-25

12-15

20-25

12-20

10-15

15-30

15-20

80-100

12-20

20-25

10-15

15-20

35-40

30-40

10-15

25-35

10-15

35-40

30-40

* For milling and drilling, use the cutter speeds recommended under roughing.